大学アメフト選手の労働者性(米)

　東京新聞にこういう記事が出ていたので、

http://www.tokyo-np.co.jp/article/world/news/CK2014032902000159.html（大学運動選手は「従業員」　米で労組認める決定）

【ワシントン＝斉場保伸】米政府の独立行政機関である全米労働関係委員会は二十六日、イリノイ州の名門ノースウエスタン大学アメリカンフットボールチームの選手らに対し「従業員であり、労働組合結成を認める」との決定を出した。複数のメディアが伝えた。学生スポーツの選手を「従業員」として位置付ける判断として注目を集めている。

選手らは一週間に五十時間アメリカンフットボールに「従事」した事例などを掲げ、組合を結成することでより手厚い健康保険や脳振とうの検査、奨学金の充実を求め、大学側と交渉ができるよう訴えていた。

　これを受けた委員会は選手らが試合に出場することなどで数百万ドル（数億円）を稼ぎ出し、大学から奨学金を受けていたことから、「従業員」である十分な証拠があると認定したという。ウォールストリート・ジャーナル紙によると、大学側は反発し、不服を申し立てる方針という。

さっそく、ＮＬＲＢのサイトを見てみたら、

http://www.nlrb.gov/news-outreach/news-story/nlrb-director-region-13-issues-decision-northwestern-university-athletes（NLRB Director for Region 13 issues Decision in Northwestern University Athletes Case）

載ってました。

March 26, 2014

Regional Director, Peter Sung Ohr, has issued a Decision in 13-RC-121359 finding the Grant-in-aid scholarship football players are employees under the NLRA and has directed an election to take place.

The parties have until April 9, 2014 to file with the Board in Washington, D.C. a Request for Review of the Decision.

命令書はこちらで読めます。２４ページほどのものです。

http://mynlrb.nlrb.gov/link/document.aspx/09031d4581667b6f

「ＩＳＳＵＥＳ」と「ＤＥＣＩＳＩＯＮ」をコピペしておきますと、

I. ISSUES
The Petitioner contends that football players (“players”) receiving grant-in-aid scholarships (“scholarship”) from the Employer are “employees” within the meaning of the Act, and therefore are entitled to choose whether or not to be represented for the purposes of collective-bargaining. The Employer, on the other hand, asserts that its football players receiving grant-in-aid scholarships are not “employees” under the Act. It further asserts that these players are more akin to graduate students in Brown University, 342 NLRB 483 (2004), whom the Board found not to be “employees” under the Act.

In the alternative, the Employer contends that its players are temporary employees who are not eligible for collective bargaining.

Finally, the Employer contends that the petitioned-for-unit is arbitrary and not appropriate for bargaining.

II. DECISION
For the reasons discussed in detail below, I find that players receiving scholarships from the Employer are “employees” under Section 2(3) of the Act. Accordingly, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that an election be conducted under the direction of the Regional Director for Region 13 in the following appropriate bargaining unit:

Eligible to vote are all football players receiving football grant-in-aid scholarship and not having exhausted their playing eligibility employed by the Employer located at 1501 Central Street, Evanston, Illinois, but excluding office clerical employees and guards, professional employees and supervisors as defined in the Act.